Week 5: Melusine

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The importance and significance of beauty, attraction, and femininity are all things I have seen and observed in this class. The Faery at the Fountain engraves this in me even deeper, while these things were of importance in this tale, there were also other obvious aspects that I have not seen in stories before. I would like to say this story reminds me a lot of the damsel in distress trope, but the roles are reversed. Raymondin is on the run and seemingly lost when the faery Melusine comes to what seems to be his rescue. While the roles are reversed from what a typical story usually shares, Melusine did not emasculate Raymondin, at least not in my eyes but I am not exactly sure why. “It was always she, indeed, who led.” (p29). Since it is their first time meeting, it leads me to think that Raymondin is not the first nor last man with whom Melusine shares this type of encounter. In the lens mermaids, they both share this sort of enchanting and hypnotic entity, where the men simply cannot resist their beauty and in return the woman, in this case Melusine gives them some sort of knowledge or information. This is what we have seen in the case of mermaids and sirens, it’s interesting to see that faeries also carry this sort of captivating power. Another thing I noticed was the femininity of Melusine and how much of her hair is emphasized, “Then she began to comb it, and as he admired the fine silky, deep tresses he saw the wooden comb that had ran through them..” This was one of the similarities I noticed between the way both Melusine and mermaids have been depicted.

Week 5: The Faery

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This week, “The Faery at the Fountain” reading really caught my interest. I say this because I was fascinated by the way that mermaids are the center of the story, but the terms “mermaid” nor “merpeople” are never ever used, simply alluded to. I am not quite sure what it was, but I felt myself on the edge of my seat waiting for the “Merpeople” word to be dropped, but the author just kept indirectly hinting away bit by bit. Two questions from this story remained unanswered for me with the first being who the other ladies were. Were they other mermaids? Were they spirits, or were any of the ladies even real? Are they, as a group of three celestial beings in a christian story, supposed to resemble the holy trinity? Being a Christian story, it doesn’t seem to possess the typical ‘forgiveness’ or ‘repent your sins’ type of theme (especially considering the main character murdered his family members), but instead takes the theme of deception and not owning up to one’s wrongdoings. The second question I had after reading this story is why Raymondin? He is quite-literally fleeing home after killing his family members… has he done something of more importance in the past? Why does he get away with murder and still receive the riches of the world? In my opinion it seems like a strange character to be involved with merpeople and I wonder if there is another layer/reasoning behind it that I am missing. 

In comparing this story to other readings we have had so far, something that immediately clicked for me was the way that Melusine will disappear every Saturday without explanation. This reminds me of Oannes, who also disappeared into the horizon/water every evening. You know they are going somewhere but neither story directly addresses where. Are they off to a place of higher existence? A place where all of this ‘hidden’ and ‘undisclosed’ knowledge unbeknownst to mankind is? I’m not sure what is happening, but I sure am curious to know more about this mystical place that merpeople seem to be running towards when they disappear. 

Week 5: Medieval Melusine

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For this week’s reading I found it fairly interesting in regards to” mermaids” finally being incorporated into the lives of individuals. As well as finally having that sense of a fairytale story and falling in love. In past week’s readings it has been more based on individual stories about mermaids and their own individual stories but not really intertwined with the lives of regular people and their connection. I particularly liked the sense of romance in this week’s reading with the legend of Melusina. I think this will now open the door for how we see, “Mermaid stories that focus on a water being’s life in the human social world” (Bacchilega, page 85). Although the story of Melusina and Raymond was not lengthy, their interaction can still be discussed, I particularly thought that their love for one another was almost superficial. For one, Raymond didn’t even know Melusina’s name after their interaction; as well during their interaction Raymond was paying fairly close attention, “From her beautiful breasts his gaze descended” (Knight, page 26) conveying him focusing more on her exterior and not paying attention to her and what she’s saying. Their love and eventually their marriage seemed very transactional, since Raymond was going to be able to hide his crime of murdering his uncle and Melusina would be able to get married, so their whole interaction seemed very fictitious and occurred very quickly. But I am excited to finally get into reading with individuals’ direct interactions with mermaids. Also, I did not see the deeper understanding or themes in this story so I hope to come more enlightened and be able to see the deeper meaning.  

Week 5: Melusine

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Understanding this week’s European folklore was honestly rather difficult to me. In the last couple of weeks, when we have read about other folklores or sirens, I could make up a certain pattern: the half human being was either presented as beautiful, dangerous, or sinful, or as knowledgeable, meaning that it can teach the humans something deeper. While reading the stories about Melusine, I was confronted with other themes where it took me a longer time to think about it. In the last weeks we have never actually read something about crossing the line between the mythical and real world. What I mean by that is that never in the stories, the merperson was actually in a relationship with a mortable human. With Melusine, it is different. Even though it is depicted that Melusine’s husband Raymond does not know about her transforming into a serpent as she hides when it happens, they still fell in love with each other. This shows to me, that love can transcend the boundaries of both the real and the divine world. I had to think about the romantic idea, that love can overcome any obstacle.

Even though this sounds great at a first glance, I am still more than confused to put the folklore into its historic context. The people in the Middle Ages were highly religious. How can it be, that a human has fallen in love with a serpent? How can it be, that Raymond has never doubted about her being “different”? Does this story want to teach humans about the power of love, of acceptance, or of understanding?

I honestly did not found answers to my questions above. First I thought that Raymond must have been blinded by Melusine’s beauty, which could mean that his attraction to her was rather superficial (he did not see her true personality). An evidence in the text could be: “In a long and wide pool set within the dark blue mosaic, decorated here and there with the green leaves of violet and black irises, was the flawless figure of a woman, forever young, whom he knew well. Her bent back magnificent in profile, her breasts raised, as she combed her long golden hair, and the exquisite flesh, more pale than usual, pearled almost to transparency” (p.125). But then I started to think about this Christian image of a forbidden desire. Did the story maybe want to warn the people about pursuing relationships which are unaccepted by society? Or is it rather about the image of forgiveness I have mentioned earlier??

I am eager to hear about your opinions in class. Maybe we can find answers together!

week 5 Melusine

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I read over the story of Melusine, as per our reading today, and I noticed some things that felt very similar to the Sirens we were talking about last week.

For one, we see the sort of not-quite fish but close to fish hybridity (Melusina is a snake lady but only one day a week?). But then we see more similarities. There’s sky elements in this folklore too: “He hid himself; and then saw how the lovely form of Melusina ended below in a snake, gray and sky-blue, mixed with white.” (Page 88, penguin) So this supposedly demonic and unnatural woman creature with ties to water has ties to the skies? Not only that, but then further down when she’s giving her epic speech, she says “…shall know that whenever I am seen to hover over the fair castle of Lusignan, then it will be certain in that very year the castle will get a new lord; and though people may not perceive me in the aid, yet they will see me by the Fountain of Thirst…” (88)

So she’s able to hover/fly as a snake woman creature. She also has a connection to nature but why exactly do we keep seeing the creature that’s tied to water being also tied to the air? This is giving binary oppositions but in a much more confusing way. I hope we can figure this out more later because my head is starting to turn into scrambled eggs. My guess is that she represents a sort of human tie to nature, because she didn’t quite start out as the creature, but rather she went from civilization into nature. And since nature doesn’t stop at the ocean, or water, or the skies above, she embodies them all?

Week 5

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I particularly thought this week’s reading of the chapter: The Faery and the Fountain was the most intriguing. The chapter highlighted the theme of enchantment and entrancement of a woman’s beauty which has been a recurring topic in our readings. I love talking about this theme because there’s so many different angles to go about it. In this story, the enchantment serves as the catalyst for their “romantic” relationship where the Raymondin has the intoxicating effect comparable to love at first sight. This further dives into the complexities of desire, infatuation, and the irrationality of love.

These two characters in the story, Melusine and Raymondin, are essentially love bombing each other. They are telling each other they love one another, but Raymondin realizes that he doesn’t even know her name. Love bombing is used to overwhelm another person with emotion and affection to gain control or influence over them, which is what Melusine was doing. She asked him to marry her after a short period of even meeting each other. This is another common theme in our readings where one, usually a man, is manipulated or seducted by another who is usually a beautiful woman. Although, “love bombing” was obviously not a word used in those times, comparing it to its meaning today, it describes this situation very well. Sirens and mermaids used their ability to seduce these men with their beauty and angelic voices. I think the contrast between inner beauty and outer beauty is also a recurring theme we have read through. External beauty is what captures the men initially and they are blind to all else. This is why they are so easily manipulated by these sirens or mermaids because they take their beauty as trust and believe every word they say. Beauty is often associated with trust and even moral character, but these stories are trying to put these beautiful women in a bad light.

Reading Response Week 4

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When reading more of the Penguin Book of Mermaids, I found it quite intriguing once I got past the introduction. The first story I read was Oannes, which was an interesting perspective from Babylonia where they discussed a Merman. I thought the relationship between the Merman and the people of Babylon was intriguing given it seemed to be such a peaceful relationship between the humans and Merman. He brought them insight into the letters/sciences, and other types of artwork that were unknown to them. It was a dual benefitting relationship. The story describes the merman as conversing with humans in a normal and beneficial way, which is not usually the narrative set in place when talking about the relationships between Mermen/Mermaids and humans. When moving on further into the book The Tuna of Lake Vaihiria, was one of my favorite stories for this weeks reading. When the princess Hina had found out that she was the be engaged to the Eel King, she immediately went to look for help from the Sun God. As the sun god was able to kill the Eel King he told her “He chopped off his great head, which he wrapped in tapa, and presented it to Hina,saying: Hold this and put it not down an instant until you arrive home; then take and plant it in the center of your mare ground. This eels head contains great treasures…” (16) As this continues we realize the significance of the eels head, and when Hina accidentally puts it down to swim, it sprouts the tree and its treasures. As the story goes on an Hina settles in this area, she meets the two sons, one which she marries. It seems is tragedy is connected with Hina, since she lost her first husband, married the other, and then lost a daughter. It was interesting to hear the story with the significance of the eel head, and how it affected the rest of Hina’s life. It also intrigued me because of the difference in stories, and how this one didn’t include a mermaid, but a different kind of “Monster.” Overall, I really enjoyed getting more into this reading and learning about the different cultures and the myths/stories that they share with us.

Week 4: Reverie, Not Repulsion. Sedna, a piece of Mother Nature.

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One of the kinds of stories that never fails to move and deeply impact me are those revering a woman’s ability to give life.

 In not only many works of literature, but also in disgusting, widely held beliefs, a woman’s fertility is seen as something to be dominated, used against her; that the ability to give birth makes her weak, the lesser sex, and inherently characterizes her existence as one meant to be lived in service to a man—bearing his children. This degradation of a woman’s existence and objectification of her body is prevalent in the historical summaries of the western/Christianized works of mermaids we’ve examined in this course so far. We’ve learned about the various tales told of sea women being ripped from their homes and forced to marry their assailants, having children they didn’t want and couldn’t comprehend loving—as they were not only born of suffering, but estranged from her nature as a sea creature, or maybe even used as a means of chaining her to land by leveraging a mother’s need to be with/protect her children (if the mermaid is even capable of feeling any love for the life they were brutally forced to create). The Inuit story of Sedna circumvents this pattern in a refreshing, glorious way.

 Firstly, in this tale, the “mermaid” (though Sedna was a human before she was cheated first out of her freedom, then out of her life) is the victim of abuse, not the men she interacts with. The suffering imposed on her was not justified by the story, but scorned—unlike the tales that regard mermaids as inherently sinful creatures that deserve their cruel treatment. The story is about a man’s deception and not a woman’s; deviating from the western belief perpetuated by the church that women are inherently untrustworthy and predatory. This makes sense, as the Inuit were not touched by Christianity, and therefore, did not absorb their beliefs. Not only was Sedna betrayed by the man who married her, but she was betrayed by her father as well. One of the most disgusting and stomach-turning events to watch or hear is a parent turning on their own child; It is a corruption of the title “parent”, an adulteration of nature. This brutality incites a feeling of heartbreak and disgust, serving to scorn the maltreatment of women—to empathize with a woman’s pure love being used against her. 

But although Sedna’s love was leveraged as a means of harming her, or betrayed by the one man whose love she was promised she could rely on (her father), she does not turn to cruelty, nor morph into a creature symbolic of her anguish. Instead, beautiful, innocent life is born from her blood and pain; she fills the sea with creatures that exist as the lifeblood of her people, that they rely on to nourish them. In this way, Sedna becomes a form of Mother Nature, both revered and depended on for her fertility. She has the power to control what she allows others to take, and she is worshiped for it. When she becomes angry and refuses to send life to her people, Shamans turn themselves into willing sacrifices to go provide the care she desires so that she may be satisfied and return such care. It is almost an act of appreciation for her work. 

Sedna’s ability to give life is not regarded as something to be taken from, but to be blessed with. In a divergence of cultures, some worship Mother Nature, and some see her as something to be dominated; a fact made very apparent by the difference of the Inuit story of Seda and the predatory illustrations of Christianity’s mermaids. The very cultures that abuse mermaids moved on to abuse and take from Mother Nature, whereas those that celebrate the creatures live in reverie of the environment. I’m excited to read more stories such as this one, that fill me with joy and not heartbreak; that share in the appreciation of women and their blessed connection to Mother Nature.

Week 4: The Tuna (Eel) of Lake Vaihira

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From the readings I want to focus on “The Tuna (Eel) of Lake Vaihiria”, the Tuna emerges as a powerful symbol with great cultural importance, adding layers to the story. The Tuna, a creature submerged in the waters of Lake Vaihiria, transcends its aquatic origins to become a powerful symbol within the narrative. Tuna can be interpreted as a metaphor for perseverance and adaptability. The story’s characters face hurdles and endure transformation, similar to the eel’s ability to navigate varied habitats. The Tuna’s elusive and mysterious nature reflects the complexity of life, providing a symbolic lens through which the audience can participate with the story. The Tuna plays a critical role in the story’s complex cultural significance. It serves as a cultural icon, representing the characters’ interconnectedness with their surroundings. The devotion and ceremonies surrounding the Tuna highlight the importance of harmony with nature in the community described in the story. The narrative of the Tuna, reinforces the cultural values of respects for the environment, sustainable living, and the preservation of traditions passed down through generations. The Tuna, as a symbol, enables readers to explore the layers of meaning inside the story. Analyzing its symbolism can reveal insights into the author’s intended themes and messages, providing a more named perspective on the story’s central ideas. The Tuna’s cultural significance provides insight on the community’s values and customs. Understanding its position in rituals and traditions gives readers a glimpse into the cultural tapestry represented in the story, allowing them to understand the richness and authenticity of the setting.

Week 4: Oannes, Yorgos Lathimos’s “Poor Things,” and My Need for More Not-Mermaid Mermaid Movies

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Last Friday, I decided to head over to the Fashion Valley Mall right after class to catch a movie as a sort of treat to myself. The movie I ended up watching was Yorgos Lathimos’s “Poor Things,” starring Emma Stone, Willem Dafoe, Marc Ruffalo, and Ramy Youssef. The movie was based on a book by the same name, written by Alasdair Gray, which depicts the adventures of a woman named Bella Baxter, who has the brain of an infant but the body of a woman in her 20s-30s, and her coming-of-age journey of self-discovery.

Initially, I was drawn to the Frankenstein-like premise of the movie because, besides all things mermaid, I also love all things Frankenstein. Of course, the movie delivered on that end–Willem Dafoe playing a doctor named Godwin Baxter, altering and reviving the corpse that would become Bella Baxter and the inevitable parental issues that immediately followed.

What I did not expect was how mermaid-y the movie was, despite not being explicitly about mermaids. Bella, played by the brilliant Emma Stone, is your quintessential mermaid-turned-human–a fish out of water, with long hair and a thirst for knowledge, curiosity in spades, and possessing no desire and making no attempt to blend in with polite society and its arbitrary rules and regulations. Marc Ruffalo’s character, Duncan Wedderburn, is your typical human man in a mermaid story. His presence in the movie irked me to no end because of how presumptuous he was to think that he could handle Bella’s quirks and curiosity, but gladdened me to see his attempts to control Bella and quash her thirst for knowledge did not come to no fruition but instead frustrated him to the hilarious level of absolute loser.

It was Bella’s desire to seek more knowledge and her ability to retain that knowledge that clued me in on the mermaid-y qualities of the movie, as it reminded me of the Babylonian water spirit Oannes. According to The Penguin Book of Mermaids, in Babylonian mythology, “hybrid creatures are associated with the sea are holders of knowledge,” especially in the case of Oannes. (Bacchilega, et. al., 3) Oannes gifted humans “insight into letters, and sciences, and every other art” essentially teaching humans “everything which could tend to soften manners and humanize mankind.” (Bacchilega, et. al., 3) Throughout the movie, Bella’s curiosity is seen as a boon to both the viewers and the characters around her, questioning societal norms and actively seeking ways to improve herself through the acquisition of more knowledge and improving others by sharing said knowledge. The best part is that the movie rewards Bella’s curiosity by allowing characters to exist that accept and encourage her desire for more knowledge and even open themselves up to acquiring more knowledge for themselves.

All in all, it was an incredible movie and I hope it comes out on-demand or on streaming platforms soon so I can watch it over and over again and relish in my newfound love and desire for more not-mermaid mermaid movies.